What is the role of disinfectants in infection control?

Disinfectants play a critical role in infection control by inactivating or killing specific pathogenic organisms, making option C the correct choice. Disinfectants are formulated to target and destroy harmful microbes, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that can lead to infections, particularly in healthcare settings where the risk of transmission is heightened.

Unlike antiseptics, which are applied to living tissues, disinfectants are typically used on inanimate surfaces and instruments to reduce the bioburden and prevent the spread of infections. Their efficacy often depends on the concentration of the active ingredients, contact time, and the nature of the surface being disinfected.

The other options do not accurately represent the role of disinfectants. While some disinfectants may effectively kill various microorganisms, they do not eliminate all types, which is why the first option is not correct. Disinfectants are not limited to killing only bacteria, as they are effective against a broader spectrum of pathogens, making the second option misleading. The fourth option relating to preventing the formation of dust does not pertain to the primary function of disinfectants in controlling infection, as this involves more cleaning and environmental control measures rather than disinfection itself.